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Authors
Burns, Karen E. A. https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9967-5424
Huszti, Ella
Li, Qixuan
Herridge, Margaret S.
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Article History
Received: 21 May 2025
Accepted: 15 December 2025
First Online: 22 January 2026
Declarations
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: Dr. Burns held a Physician Services Incorporated Mid-Career Research Award at the time of study design and initiation. Dr. Herridge holds a Canada Research Chair in Critical Illness Outcomes and the Recovery Continuum.
: The study protocol was approved by the Research Ethics Boards at University Health Network (no. 06-0157-AE, April 7, 2006) and by the ethics committees of participating ICUs.
: Informed consent was obtained from all individual participants or their substitute decision makers to participate in the study.
: EH and QL had full access to all data in the study and take responsibility for the integrity of the data and the accuracy of the data analysis. Requests for data access can be made in writing to Dr. Burns.
