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Authors
Molenaar, Manon A.
Nasa, Prashant
Damiani, L. Felipe
Ferreira, Juliana C.
Isola, Alexandre
Paulus, Frederique
Piquilloud, Lise
Scharffenberg, Martin
Schultz, Marcus J.
Serpa Neto, Ary
Tschernko, Edda
Vaporidi, Katerina
Buiteman-Kruizinga, Laura A. https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9569-2462
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Article History
Received: 13 December 2025
Accepted: 28 January 2026
First Online: 13 February 2026
Declarations
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: LFD reports a grant from Agencia Nacional de Investigacion y Desarrollo, Grant Fondecyt Regular 2022/Folio 1220853 and fees from Stimit AG, outside the submitted work. JCF reports grants from CNPq (Brazilian federal funding agency) and the ATS Foundation, outside the submitted work. LP reports payment from Getinge, Löwenstein, Fisher and Paykel, GE Healthcare and Air Liquid Medical System, outside the submitted work. The other authors declare no competing interests.
: As this was a qualitative expert-opinion Delphi study without patient involvement, and without human data or biological specimens through which individuals could be identified, formal ethical approval was not sought. Panelists participated anonymously and could not be identified from their responses. The Delphi process was overseen by an experienced consensus–methodologist (PN). The study’s methodology and results are reported in accordance to the ACcurate COnsensus Reporting Document (ACCORD) guidelines. The study and the analysis were conducted in accordance with the Declaration of Helsinki.
