Document is current

Article History

Received: 29 December 2025

Accepted: 3 February 2026

First Online: 25 February 2026

Declarations

:

: JH has received honoraria for lectures from Asahi Kasei, Pfizer PFE France, Sanofi Aventis France, Inotrem, MSD, Octapharma, and Shionogi, and serves on the Steering Committees for Bayer and AngioDynamics. The other authors have no conflict of interest to declare. JH is a Section Editor for Intensive Care Medicine. She has not taken part in the review or selection process of this article.

: The study received approval from the Comité de Protection des Personnes (CPP) Sud-Est I on March 14, 2020, and authorization from the Agence Nationale de Sécurité du Médicament et des Produits de Santé (ANSM) on February 18, 2020. All amendments to the protocol were reviewed and approved by both authorities. The study was registered on ClinicalTrials.gov under the identifier NCT04580563. All experimental protocols (mice model) were approved by the French Ministry of Higher Education and Research and the local Ethics Committee of Strasbourg, “ Comité Régional d’Éthique en Matière d’Expérimentation Animale de Strasbourg ” (CREMEAS), under agreement number APAFIS#38203–2022081015287584 v4.