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Authors
Sieben, Luca https://orcid.org/0009-0002-6536-9418
Bettinger, Dominik https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8782-8729
Supady, Alexander https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4056-3652
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Luxenburger, Hendrik
Kuellmer, Armin
Fichtner-Feigl, Stefan
Neeff, Hannes
Kousoulas, Lampros
Utzolino, Stefan
Müller-Peltzer, Katharina
Schick, Martin Alexander
Seifert, Gabriel
Staudacher, Dawid L.
Sekandarzad, Asieb
Thimme, Robert
Wengenmayer, Tobias
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Funding
Funding for this research was provided by:
Universitätsklinikum Freiburg
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Article History
Received: 9 February 2026
Accepted: 17 March 2026
First Online: 15 April 2026
Declarations
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: All authors have completed the ICMJE form (available upon request from the corresponding author). DB reports lecture fees from the Falk Foundation and W. L. Gore & Associates, travel grants from Abbvie Science, and research grants from Dr. Rolf M. Schwiete-Stiftung and the German Research Foundation (DFG). HL reports grants from Dr. Rolf M. Schwiete-Stiftung and the German Research Foundation (DFG). DLS reports lecture fees and travel support from Abiomed, AstraZeneca, Dahlhausen, Getinge, Medtronic and Orion Pharma. AS reports research grants and honoraria for lectures from CytoSorbents Europe, honoraria for lectures from AstraZeneca, J&J, Getinge and Resuscitec, travel support and consulting fees from ARTCLINE and consulting fees from LAUDA Medical and Getinge, all outside the submitted work.
: The study conformed to the ethical guidelines of the 1975 Declaration of Helsinki and was approved by the local ethics committee (EK FR 151/14). The need for informed consent was waived.
: This study was registered at clinicaltrials.gov (NCT05811780, first posted on April 13, 2023).
