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Authors
Wang, Tao
Li, Zhen
Wang, Liangmo
Hulbert, Gregory M.
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Funding
Funding for this research was provided by:
Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities (309181B8809)
Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities (30919011203)
Natural Science Foundation of Jiangsu Province (BK20190462)
National Natural Science Foundation of China (51975295)
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Article History
Received: 15 September 2019
Revised: 8 February 2020
Accepted: 3 March 2020
First Online: 2 April 2020
Compliance with ethical standards
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: The authors declare that they have no conflict of interest.
: All necessary data of modeled structure have been given in the text of the paper (e.g., geometry of the crash-box, material properties, simulation conditions). In chapter and , the mathematical formulation of the IPSO, and corresponding coefficients were detailed.
