Qiu, Xiaoming https://orcid.org/0009-0004-8172-8366
Wang, Deyu
Funding for this research was provided by:
the National Natural Science Foundation of China (No.51809168)
the National Natural Science Foundation of China (No.51979163)
the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant No. U2241266)
Article History
Received: 21 July 2025
Revised: 11 January 2026
Accepted: 14 January 2026
First Online: 9 February 2026
Declarations
:
: On behalf of all authors, the corresponding author states that there is no conflict of interest.
: Codes and raw data for replication are available upon request by contacting the corresponding author via email.
: This study does not involve human participants or animals; therefore, ethical approval and consent to participate are not applicable.
: This study does not involve human participants or animals; therefore, ethical approval and consent to participate are not applicable.