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Authors
Sun, Shili
Hou, Xuejian
Li, Siqi
Fang, Chun
Chen, Zequan https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7920-780X
Feng, Guoqing
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Funding
Funding for this research was provided by:
Key Technologies Research and Development Program (2023YFA1609100)
Innovative Research Group Project of the National Natural Science Foundation of China (52501378)
Natural Science Foundation of Heilongjiang Province (LH2022E044)
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Article History
Received: 30 June 2025
Revised: 19 January 2026
Accepted: 15 February 2026
First Online: 15 April 2026
Declarations
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: The authors declare that they have no known competing financial interests or personal relationships that could have appeared to influence the work reported in this paper.
: This study introduces the CIS-SS method for structural reliability analysis, which readers can replicate with the help of code. If readers are interested in the code and corresponding programming, they are welcome to contact the corresponding author via email to obtain.
