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Article History

Received: 26 March 2018

Accepted: 24 January 2019

First Online: 27 April 2019

Compliance with ethical standards

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: AS is listed as a co-inventor on a patent filed for the knee-flexor testing device employed in this study (PCT/AU2012/001041.2012) as well as being a minority shareholder in Vald Performance Pty Ltd, the company responsible for comercialisng the device. MW reports receiving fees from Vald Performance, for work on that company's research committee but not related to the current study. MB has previously been employed by Vald Performance and has previously received funding from them for research unrelated to the current study. All authors have completed the Unified Competing Interest form at ExternalRef removed (available on request from the corresponding author) and declare that (1) the Institute of Health and Biomedical Innovation, Queensland University of Technology funded this study; (2) DM and RT have no relationships with companies that might have an interest in the submitted work in the previous 3 years; (3) their spouses, partners, or children have no financial relationships that may be relevant to the submitted work; and (4) DM, MW, RT and MB have no non-financial interests that may be relevant to the submitted work.

: The lead author* (DM) affirms that this manuscript is an honest, accurate, and transparent account of the study being reported; that no important aspects of the study have been omitted; and that any discrepancies from the study as planned (and, if relevant, registered) have been explained. * = The manuscript’s guarantor.

: The Corresponding Author has the right to grant on behalf of all authors and does grant on behalf of all authors, a worldwide licence to the Publishers and its licensees in perpetuity, in all forms, formats and media (whether known now or created in the future), to (i) publish, reproduce, distribute, display and store the Contribution, (ii) translate the Contribution into other languages, create adaptations, reprints, include within collections and create summaries, extracts and/or, abstracts of the Contribution, (iii) create any other derivative work(s) based on the Contribution, (iv) to exploit all subsidiary rights in the Contribution, (v) the inclusion of electronic links from the Contribution to third party material where-ever it may be located; and, (vi) licence any third party to do any or all of the above.

: Consent was not obtained for data sharing but the presented data are anonymised and risk of identification is low.

: All participants provided written, informed consent for this study, which was approved by the Queensland University of Technology Human Research Ethics Committee.