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Authors
Chang, Chia-Hao https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6929-720X
Nian, Shih-Chih
Ke, Kun-Cheng https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2775-012X
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Funding
Funding for this research was provided by:
National Taiwan Normal University
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Article History
Received: 28 December 2025
Accepted: 18 February 2026
First Online: 25 February 2026
Declarations
: Declaration of generative AI and AI-assisted technologies in the manuscript preparation process
: This study does not contain any studies with human participants or animals performed by any of the authors.
: The authors declare that they have no conflicts of interest related to this work.
