Funding for this research was provided by:
National Natural Science Foundation of China (52275373)
Open Foundation of National Key Laboratory of Metal Forming Technology and Heavy Equipment (SKLMF-2025-023)
Article History
Received: 5 September 2025
Accepted: 27 March 2026
First Online: 14 April 2026
Declarations
:
: The authors have no competing interests to declare that are relevant to the content of this article.