Ng, Kuang Yee
Muhammad, Noorhafiza
Mohd Noor, Siti Noor Fazliah
Abd. Rahim, Shayfull Zamree
Saleh, Mohd Shuhidan
Muhammad, Nur Amalina
Ahmad, Asnul Hadi
Muduli, Kamalakanta
Funding for this research was provided by:
Universiti Malaysia Perlis
Article History
Received: 13 November 2025
Accepted: 31 March 2026
First Online: 15 April 2026
Declarations
:
: The authors have no relevant financial or non-financial interests to disclose.