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Authors
Zailani, Zainal Abidin
Rosli, Muhammad Hisyamuddin
Noor, Nurul Zahirah Mohd
Mativenga, Paul
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Funding
Funding for this research was provided by:
Universiti Malaysia Perlis
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Article History
Received: 4 February 2026
Accepted: 6 May 2026
First Online: 13 May 2026
Declarations
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: The authors declare that they have no known competing financial interests or personal relationships that could have appeared to influence the work reported in this paper.
