Bradley, Steve
Crouchley, Rob
Article History
Received: 15 May 2018
Accepted: 4 April 2019
First Online: 16 April 2019
Compliance with ethical standards
:
: The authors declare that they have no conflicts of interest.
: This study uses pupil-level data from the Youth Cohort Studies (YCS) which is available from the UK Data Service, together with data on the characteristics of the school attended from the School Performance Tables and Schools Census which is available from Department for Education (gov.uk). All the information needed to proceed from the raw data to the results of the paper (including code) are available from the authors upon request.
: This article does not contain any studies with human participants or animals performed by any of the authors.