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Article History

Received: 21 July 2025

Accepted: 21 September 2025

First Online: 22 November 2025

Declarations

:

: This study was conducted in accordance with the ethical principles of the Declaration of Helsinki, the regulations of the Ministry of Health of the Republic of Türkiye, and the ethical guidelines for scientific research issued by the Council of Higher Education. The research protocol was reviewed and approved by the Ethics Committee of Niğde Ömer Halisdemir University at its meeting dated January 10, 2025 (Meeting No: 01, Decision No: 2025/01-54).All participants were informed in detail about the purpose and scope of the study, the voluntary nature of participation, and confidentiality principles. Written informed consent was obtained from each participant prior to data collection. Personal data were used solely for research purposes and were analyzed in a manner that ensured anonymity and confidentiality.In addition, written permission was obtained from the original developers of the GSM-SVTAQ to adapt the instrument into Turkish and to conduct validity and reliability analyses.

: This study was conducted in accordance with the ethical principles of the Declaration of Helsinki. The research protocol was reviewed and approved by the ethics committee of a university in Türkiye at its meeting dated January 10, 2025 (Meeting No: 01, Decision No: 2025/01–54). All participants were informed in detail about the purpose and scope of the study, the voluntary nature of participation, and the principles of confidentiality. Written informed consent was obtained from each participant prior to data collection. In addition, written permission was obtained from the original developers of the GSM-SVTAQ for its adaptation into Turkish and for conducting validity and reliability analyses.

: None.