Zittermann, Armin https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6085-6554
Schmidt, Annemarie https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4607-4534
Haardt, Julia https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7394-4481
Kalotai, Nicole
Lehmann, Andreas
Egert, Sarah
Ellinger, Sabine https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9988-9406
Kroke, Anja https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0253-1644
Lorkowski, Stefan https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9649-840X
Louis, Sandrine
Schulze, Matthias B. https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0830-5277
Schwingshackl, Lukas https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3407-7594
Siener, Roswitha https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5068-6950
Stangl, Gabriele I. https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8073-524X
Volkert, Dorothee https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1003-6395
Watzl, Bernhard
Bischoff-Ferrari, Heike A.
,
Funding for this research was provided by:
Bundesministerium für Gesundheit
Article History
Received: 19 November 2022
Accepted: 13 February 2023
First Online: 1 May 2023
Declarations
:
: A list of possible conflicts of interest is provided in Supplementary Material S. Briefly, Heike Bischoff-Ferrari has received honorariums from WILD Pharma, DSM Nutritional Products, Fresenius, Roche, Meda, Sanofi, financial contributions from Schweizerischer Nationalfond, fundings from Pfizer, Vifor, Wild, Streuli Pharma, and medication from Omanda. Sarah Egert is member of the professional association of nutritionists (VDOE), German Nutrition Society (DGE), German Society for Nutritional Medicine (DGEM), and European Society for Clinical Nutrition and Metabolism (ESPEN). Sabine Ellinger has received various speaker honorariums and is member of the German Nutrition Society. Anja Kroke received financial contributions from technical health insurance (TK), owns shares from SATINA, has personal relationships to the company SATINA, and is member of the German Society for Epidemiology (DGEpi), medical chamber Hessen, and German Nutrition Society (DGE). Sandrine Louis owns shares from OP Food. Stefan Lorkowski is consultant for Akcea Therapeutics, AMGEN, Daiichi Sankyo, Danone, Sanofi-Aventis, Thüringer Ernährungsnetzwerk, has received honorarium for lecturing and training activities (Akcea Therapeutics, amedes, AMGEN, Berlin-Chemie, Boehringer Ingelheim Pharma, Bund Niedergelassener Kardiologen, Daiichi Sankyo, MSD Sharp & Dohme, Novo Nordisk Pharma, Omnimed, Roche Pharma, Sanofi Aventis, Synlab, Unilever, Upfield), is member of the German Nutrition Society (DGE), German Federal Institute for Risk Assessment (BfR), Federation of European Nutrition Societies (FENS), and participant in research projects for the development of reformulated food and participation in projects for improving food education. Matthias Schulze is member of the European Association for the Study of Diabetes (EASD) and German Society for Epidemiology (DGEpi). Lukas Schwingshackl is member of the GRADE Working Group. Roswitha Siener is member of the German Society for Urology (DGU) and German Academy of Nutritional Medicine (DAEM). Dorothee Volkert is member of the advisory board of the company Apetito, has received honorariums from Fresenius, Nestle, Nutricia, research funding from Nestec Ltd., and is member of the German Society for Nutritional Medicine (DGEM) German Nutrition Society, European Society for Clinical Nutrition and Metabolism (ESPEN). Bernhard Watzl is President of the German Nutrition Society (DGE). Gabriele Stangl, Armin Zittermann, Nicole Kalotai, Annemarie Schmidt, Julia Haardt, and Andreas Lehmann declare no competing interests.