Sun, Qichao
Yin, Xiangjun
Yu, Wei
Zhao, Nan
Chen, Lin
Tang, Shunyu
Lin, Hua
Cui, Lu
Jin, Xiaolan
Xie, Zhongjian
Cummings, Steven R.
Li, Zhixin
Wang, Linhong
Cui, Lijia https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9929-340X
Xia, Weibo https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7768-5536
Funding for this research was provided by:
Beijing Natural Science Foundation (7252109)
National Key R&D Program of China (2021YFC2501700)
Chinese Central Government Key Project of Public Health Program (grant [2018]8)
Chinese Red Cross Foundation, National High Level Hospital Clinical Research Funding (2022-PUMCH-D-006)
the Non-profit Central Research Institute Fund of Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences (2023-PT320-10)
Article History
Received: 20 August 2025
Accepted: 1 August 2026
First Online: 27 August 2026
Declarations
Conflicts of interest: None.
Role of the funder/sponsor: The funder had no role in the design and conduct of the study; collection, management, analysis, and interpretation of the data; preparation, review, or approval of the manuscript; and decision to submit the manuscript for publication.
Disclaimer: The findings and conclusions in this report are those of the authors and do not necessarily represent the official position of the Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention.