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Article History

Received: 18 August 2025

Revised: 31 December 2025

Accepted: 6 January 2026

First Online: 2 February 2026

Declarations

:

: .The authors disclose financial interest wrt an Indian Patent (Application No. 202413058953) related to the diagnostic assay reported in this study.

: This study was exempt from the Institutional Ethics Committee (IEC) review as it met the exemption criteria outlined in the World Health Organization (WHO) guidelines, with no possibility of harm posed to any subjects during the conduct of this study. The blood samples used were anonymized and obtained as part of routine diagnostic samples conducted by the diagnostic laboratory based on clinician requests rather than for research purposes. Additionally, no minors were involved in the study, and patient confidentiality was rigorously maintained throughout.

: For samples collected from City X-Ray and Scan Clinic, informed consent for the use of leftover samples was waived due to the anonymized nature of the samples, the absence of any analyses with individual relevance to the patients or their families, and the assurance that the samples were not transferred to third parties.