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Applicability of in vitro mouse lung epithelial cell responses for potency grouping and hazard identification of metal oxide nanoparticles: impact of form, size, surface area, and solubility on toxicity

Crossref DOI link: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00204-025-04285-9

Published Online: 2026-01-28

Published Print: 2026-05

Update policy: https://doi.org/10.1007/springer_crossmark_policy

Authors

Boyadzhiev, Andrey

Williams, Andrew

Halappanavar, Sabina https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6283-237X
Funding

Funding for this research was provided by:

Health Canada
License Information

Text and Data Mining valid from 2026-01-28

Version of Record valid from 2026-01-28
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Article History

Received: 8 October 2025

Accepted: 11 December 2025

First Online: 28 January 2026

Declarations

:

: The authors declare that they have no conflict of interest.

: The manuscript does not contain clinical studies or patient data.

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