Article History
Received: 11 September 2020
Revised: 7 October 2020
Accepted: 23 October 2020
First Online: 6 November 2020
Compliance with ethical standards
: Blood samples were obtained from anonymous patients at Robert Wood Johnson Medical Hospital for whom a lactate test (a clinical test for suspicion of sepsis) is ordered by a physician. The left-over blood samples from patients after laboratory tests were deidentified by the clinical lab staff and sent to us. The study is approved by Rutgers The State University of New Jersey and Robert Wood Johnson Medical Hospital (Institutional Review Board (IRB) application # Pro2018002356).
: The authors declare that they have no conflicts of interest.