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Authors
Woollam, Mark
Christensen, Andrew
Schulz, Eray
Eckerle, Serenidy
Davis, Michael D.
Sanders, Don B.
Agarwal, Mangilal
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Funding
Funding for this research was provided by:
National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute (1R01HL177812-01)
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Article History
Received: 15 May 2025
Revised: 10 July 2025
Accepted: 14 July 2025
First Online: 5 August 2025
Declarations
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: Biological samples (exhaled breath) were collected from three laboratory volunteers in this study. All the laboratory volunteers consented, and all study procedures abided by the Indiana University Institutional Review Board protocol (IRB # 15542).
: Mangilal Agarwal has an ongoing collaboration with NANOZ and Scosche Industries to commercialize metal oxide sensors to detect VOC biomarkers, some of which are presented in this work. All other authors report no relevant conflicts of interest.
