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Authors
Matić, Barbara https://orcid.org/0009-0009-5731-0513
Zborovsky, Lieby https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6730-8569
Qiu, Min https://orcid.org/0009-0006-8776-9606
Frank, Katrin Jana https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7913-4794
Görgülü, Kıvanç https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1613-1422
Strittmatter, Nicole https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1277-9608
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Funding
Funding for this research was provided by:
Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft (492436553)
H2020 European Research Council (101163588)
Deutsche Krebshilfe (Short Term Fellowship)
Technische Universität München
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Article History
Received: 2 February 2026
Revised: 20 April 2026
Accepted: 21 April 2026
First Online: 1 May 2026
Declarations
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: The Government of Upper Bavaria (Regierung von Oberbayern) reviewed and approved all animal housing and experimental procedures, following the Federal German Guidelines for Ethical Treatment of Animals (ROB-55.2-2532.Vet_02-24-63).
: Nicole Strittmatter is a member of ABC’s International Advisory Board but was not involved in the peer review of this paper. The authors have no further conflict of interests to declare.
: Tumours were generated by subcutaneously injecting the human pancreatic cancer cell line PANC-1 into the flanks of 6-week-old female nude mice (Crl:NU(NCr)- Foxn1 nu Charles River Laboratories).
: All animal experiments were conducted in accordance with internationally recognised guidelines for animal welfare and the principles of Replacement, Reduction, and Refinement (the 3Rs). We minimised the number of animals used by using tumours derived from a vehicle control cohort, and our procedures were designed to minimise animal suffering.
