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Authors
Kadláčková, Martina https://orcid.org/0009-0002-7493-0756
Dobešová, Dana https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9357-414X
Ivanovová, Eliška https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0688-8242
Masař, Richard https://orcid.org/0009-0002-7007-9431
Jahn, Petr https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3630-9387
Šamonilová, Eva https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1229-4344
Friedecký, David https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3448-9073
Brumarová, Radana https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1180-6977
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Funding
Funding for this research was provided by:
Ministerstvo Zdravotnictví Ceské Republiky (DRO (FNOl)
Ministerstvo Zdravotnictví Ceské Republiky (00098892))
Národní Agentura pro Zemědělský Výzkum (Grant QL24010403)
Palacky University Olomouc
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Article History
Received: 14 January 2026
Revised: 6 May 2026
Accepted: 12 May 2026
First Online: 27 May 2026
Declarations
Ethics approval: All procedures performed in this study were conducted in accordance with the national legislation of the Czech Republic (Act No. 246/1992 Coll., on the Protection of Animals Against Cruelty, as amended) and with EU Directive 2010/63/EU on the protection of animals used for scientific purposes. The Animal Experimentation Ethics Committee of the University of Veterinary Sciences Brno was informed about all procedures and approved the study (approval no. ES_6-2025_Jahn).
Competing interests: The authors declare no competing interests.
Source of biological material: Blood samples were obtained from horses during routine veterinary diagnostic procedures and were used for the purposes of this study.
Animal welfare: All procedures were part of routine veterinary practice, and no experimental interventions affecting animal welfare were performed. Informed consent was obtained from the animal owners.
