Salim, Syaheerah Syazana Syalabiah
Gunny, Ahmad Anas Nagoor
Gidado, M. J.
Gopinath, Subash C. B.
Salleh, Noor Hasyierah Mohd
Ibrahim, Roshita
Makhtar, Muaz Mohd Zaini
Funding for this research was provided by:
Universiti Malaysia Perlis
Article History
Received: 30 August 2025
Revised: 3 December 2025
Accepted: 8 January 2026
First Online: 31 January 2026
Declarations
:
: The authors declare no competing interests.
: Not applicable.