Ouyang, Huixi https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0941-8484
Miller, Tiev https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5675-2824
Qin, Ling https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6173-6167
Ying, Michael Tin Cheung https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5979-6072
Hung, Vivian Wing Yin https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1193-4549
Leung, Thomas Wai Hong https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8193-0709
Li, Julie Ye https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2481-6894
Fu, Siu Ngor https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4405-015X
Chung, Raymond Chi Keung https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4051-9133
Pang, Marco Yiu Chung https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1652-8945
Funding for this research was provided by:
The Hong Kong Polytechnic University
Article History
Received: 25 September 2025
Accepted: 19 January 2026
First Online: 12 February 2026
Declarations
:
: The authors have no conflicts of interest to declare.
: Each participant provided written informed consent prior to data collection. All study procedures were conducted in accordance with the Declaration of Helsinki and approved by two institutional review boards (Human Subjects Ethics Sub-committee of the University: HSEARS20161229002-02, Clinical Research Ethics Committee of the Hospital Authority: 2017-023).