Liu, Lu https://orcid.org/0009-0008-3593-8409
Au, Cheuk Wang https://orcid.org/0009-0007-0781-820X
Hany, Ummey https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4486-1625
Rigby, Alice L. https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6888-2255
Chauhan, Anesha
Brown, Catriona https://orcid.org/0009-0009-9963-4321
Sims, Jessie https://orcid.org/0009-0008-9335-1382
Murillo, Gina https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2976-6301
Acosta de Carmargo, Marìa Gabriela https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7615-918X
Inglehearn, Chris F. https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5143-2562
Watson, Christopher M. https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2371-1844
Mighell, Alan J. https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9624-6923
Smith, Claire E. L. https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8320-5105
Funding for this research was provided by:
Wellcome Trust (WT093113MA)
Rosetrees Trust (PGS19-2/10111)
Rosetrees Trust (PGL23 100152)
Article History
Received: 30 January 2026
Accepted: 12 March 2026
First Online: 11 April 2026
Declarations
:
: The authors have no relevant financial or non-financial interests to disclose.
: Informed consent was obtained from participating families adhering to the principles of the Declaration of Helsinki with ethical approval granted (REC reference 13/YH/0028; IRAS project ID82448).