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Authors
Nakano, Ryo https://orcid.org/0009-0008-2849-6577
Ichisawa, Ayumi https://orcid.org/0009-0007-4651-1366
Saruta, Kenya https://orcid.org/0009-0008-1596-2647
Kogawa, Masakazu https://orcid.org/0009-0004-8792-558X
Fukuda, Akira https://orcid.org/0009-0009-1188-7026
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Article History
Received: 17 February 2026
Accepted: 16 May 2026
First Online: 28 May 2026
Declarations
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: Ryo Nakano, Ayumi Ichisawa, Kenya Saruta, Masakazu Kogawa, and Akira Fukuda declare that they have no conflict of interest.
: All procedures performed in studies involving human participants were in accordance with the ethical standards of the Institutional Research Committee (Mutsu General Hospital Ethics Committee, approval number RO7-5) and the 1964 Helsinki Declaration and its later amendments.
: Due to the retrospective nature of the study, the requirement for individual informed consent was waived by the Institutional Review Board (IRB). An opt-out notification was posted at the hospital.
