Funding for this research was provided by:
Interreg North-West Europe (MAC/1. 1ª/282 | AQUAINVERT)
Agencia Nacional de Promoción de la Investigación, el Desarrollo Tecnológico y la Innovación
Agência Regional para o Desenvolvimento da Investigação, Tecnologia e Inovação
Article History
Received: 22 December 2022
Accepted: 9 October 2023
First Online: 3 November 2023
Declarations
:
: The authors declare not conflicts of interest.
: The sampling of limpets for scientific purposes during closed season was authorized by the Fisheries Directorate, Secretary for the Sea and Fisheries, Regional Government of Madeira (Portugal). The authors confirm that the ethical policies of the journal, as noted on the journal’s author guidelines page, have been adhered to. All applicable international, national, and/or institutional guidelines for the care and use of animals were followed.