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Authors
Barrowclift, Ellen https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0625-0919
Temple, Andrew J. https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8516-8296
Pardo, Sebastián A. https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4147-5796
Khan, Alexander M. A. https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4275-1529
Razzaque, Shoaib Abdul https://orcid.org/0009-0008-8122-0254
Wambiji, Nina https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7775-5300
Ismail, Mochamad Rudyansyah https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5765-3027
Dewanti, Lantun Paradhita https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9437-2873
Berggren, Per https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8204-7256
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Funding
Funding for this research was provided by:
Natural Environment Research Council (2284959)
Save Our Seas Foundation (456)
Banyan Tree Global Foundation (2021-011)
Global Fellowship Program, King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (ORA-2022-5001)
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Article History
Received: 27 June 2024
Accepted: 11 November 2024
First Online: 30 December 2024
Declarations
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: The authors have no relevant financial or non-financial interests to disclose.
: The data and code required to reproduce the analyses in this study are available at Github ().
: All vertebrae samples in this study were taken from dead specimens caught in fisheries, with the permission of fishers and/or traders and without any financial incentive from the project. Ethical approval was granted where necessary, including by the Animal Welfare Ethical Review Board at Newcastle University (13/12/2019), with no relevant animal welfare implications. Where relevant, due diligence was conducted to ensure compliance with the Nagoya Protocol / Access and Benefit Sharing (ABS) (animal material considered a genetic resource), necessary research permits, and CITES import and export permits were obtained (Mobula spp. are listed on CITES Appendix II). Samples were collected under research permits where necessary from sampling countries, including from The National Research and Innovation Agency (BRIN) in Indonesia (no. 28/TU.B5.4/SIP/VI/2021 and 12/SIP.EXT/IV/FR/8/2022) and the relevant CITES authority in Pakistan as well as the biodiversity wing of the Ministry of Climate Change, Government of Pakistan. Samples were exported to the United Kingdom under the following CITES export (00098/SAJI/LN/PRL/IX/202l; 00525/SAJI/LN/PRL/VIII/2022; and P-121/2022) and import permits (610,843/01;/02;/03;/04;/05;/06; 621,633/01;02; and 625,390/01;/02) as well as an authorisation for importation of animal by-products (ITIMP21.1211).
