Funding for this research was provided by:
Innovative Research Group Project of the National Natural Science Foundation of China (42276092)
Program for Professor of Special Appointment (Eastern Scholar) at Shanghai Institutions of Higher Learning
Article History
Received: 31 July 2024
Accepted: 20 June 2025
First Online: 12 September 2025
Declarations
:
: The authors declare that they have no known competing financial interests or personal relationships.
: We followed all applicable institutional or national guidelines for the care and use of animals. All samples in this study were dead bycatch that did not engage in illegal commercial activities. This scientific research activity complies with the relevant requirements of the Wildlife Protection Law of the People's Republic of China.