Document is current

Article History

Received: 15 May 2025

Accepted: 28 June 2025

First Online: 15 July 2025

Declarations

:

: NKP and VJ: None. KEP: Financial interest/investor/stock options/ownership: Neurovascular Diagnostics, Inc. Principal investigator: NIH NINDS award R44NS115314.EIL: Board Membership: Stryker, NeXtGen Biologics, MedX Health, Cog-nition Medical, EndoStream; Consultancy: Claret Medical, GLG Consulting, Guidepoint, Imperative Care, Medtronic, Rebound Therapeutics, StimMed; Employment: University at Buffalo Neurosurgery Inc; Expert Testimony: renders medical/legal opinions as an expert witness; Stock/Stock Options: NeXtGen Biologics, Cognition Medical, RapidMedical, Claret Medical, Imperative Care, Rebound Therapeutics, StimMed. AHS: Financial interest/investor/stock options/ownership: Adona Medical, Inc., Amnis Therapeutics, BlinkTBI, Inc., Boston Scientific Corp. (for purchase of Claret Medical), BuffaloTechnology Partners, Inc., Cardinal Consultants, LLC, CerebrotechMedical Systems, Inc., Cognition Medical, Endostream Medical, Ltd, Imperative Care, Inc., International Medical Distribution Partners, Neurovascular Diagnostics, Inc., Q’Apel Medical, Inc., RadicalCatheter Technologies, Inc., Rebound Therapeutics Corp. (purchased2019 by Integra Lifesciences, Corp.), Rist Neurovascular, Inc., SenseDiagnostics, Inc., Serenity Medical, Inc., Silk Road Medical, Spinnaker Medical, Inc., StimMed, Synchron, Three Rivers Medical, Inc.,Vastrax, LLC, VICIS, Inc., Viseon, Inc.; consultant/advisory board: Amnis Therapeutics, Boston Scientific, Canon Medical Systems USA, Inc., Cerebrotech Medical Systems, Inc., Cerenovus, Corindus, Inc.,Endostream Medical, Ltd, Imperative Care, Inc., Integra LifeSciencesCorp., Medtronic, MicroVention, Minnetronix Neuro, Inc., North-west University—DSMB Chair for HEAT Trial, Penumbra, Q’ApelMedical, Inc., Rapid Medical, Rebound Therapeutics Corp., SerenityMedical, Inc., Silk Road Medical, StimMed, Stryker, Three RiversMedical, Inc., VasSol, W.L. Gore & Associates; national PI/steeringcommittees: Cerenovus LARGE trial and ARISE II trial, MedtronicSWIFT PRIME and SWIFT DIRECT trials, MicroVention FRED Trialand CONFIDENCE study, MUSC POSITIVE trial, Penumbra 3D Separator trial, COMPASS trial, INVEST trial; research grants: co-investigator, NIH/NINDS 1R01NS091075 Virtual Intervention of Intracranial Aneurysms; role: co-principal investigator, NIH-NINDS R21NS109575-01 Optimizing Approaches to Endovascular Therapy of Acute Ischemic StrokeVMT: Financial interest/investor/stock options/ownership: Neurovascular Diagnostics, Inc., QAS.AI, Inc.; Consultant/advisory board: Canon Medical Systems USA; Research grants: Principal investigator, National Science Foundation Award No.1746694 and NIH NINDS award R43 NS115314-0; awardee of a Brain Aneurysm Foundation grant, a Center for Advanced Technology grant, and a Cummings Foundation grant.

: This study was conducted in accordance with the Declaration of Helsinki and was approved by the Institutional review board of the University at Buffalo (STUDY030474433). All participating subjects provided informed consent.