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Four-dimensional carotid blood flow laterality (4D-CBL) scale using four-dimensional magnetic resonance angiography for the assessment of severity of internal carotid artery stenosis

Crossref DOI link: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00234-025-03884-8

Published Online: 2026-01-06

Published Print: 2026-01

Update policy: https://doi.org/10.1007/springer_crossmark_policy

Authors

Mitani, Koki

Miyata, Takeshi

Umemura, Takeru

Abekura, Yu

Agawa, Yuji

Ogawa, Tomoya

Miyaji, Hiroshi

Sakamoto, Hiroki

Abe, Daisuke

Hamamoto, Ryo

Nagahori, Takashi

Hashimoto, Jun

Sumita, Kan

Shiraishi, Wataru

Nakazawa, Yusuke

Honkawa, Yuta

Obara, Makoto

Saho, Tatsunori

Hatano, Taketo
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Text and Data Mining valid from 2026-01-01

Version of Record valid from 2026-01-01
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Article History

Received: 30 October 2025

Accepted: 13 December 2025

First Online: 6 January 2026

Declarations

:

: All procedures in this study were in accordance with the institutional research committee and with Helsinki Declaration. The study protocol was approved by the Institutional Review Board (No. 23112201). Given that the study was observational, involved no additional invasive procedures, and posed minimal risk to participants, the requirement for written informed consent was waived. All patient data were anonymized prior to analysis.

: MO is an employee of Philips Japan. The other authors declare no competing interests.

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