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Authors
Kim, Minchul
Choi, Min Seo
Hwang, Inpyeong
Park, Chul-Kee
Choi, Seung Hong
Choi, Kyu Sung
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Funding
Funding for this research was provided by:
Seoul National University Hospital
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Article History
Received: 9 October 2025
Accepted: 25 January 2026
First Online: 6 February 2026
Declarations
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: The Institutional Review Board of our institution reviewed the study and determined that it was exempt from ethics approval in accordance with institutional policies for secondary use of anonymized data. All procedures were conducted in compliance with the ethical standards of the institutional and/or national research committee and with the 1964 Declaration of Helsinki and its later amendments or comparable ethical standards. Because only anonymized public data were used, informed consent was not required.
: The authors declare no competing interests.
