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Authors
Behr, Florian
Rosok, Daniel
Thal, Yannick Laurent
Drews, Marcel Alexander
Moradians, Arian Felix
Opitz, Marcel
Bos, Denise
Schweiger, Bernd
Gangfuss, Andrea
Köhrmann, Martin
Haubold, Johannes
Li, Yan
Forsting, Michael
Deuschl, Cornelius
Zensen, Sebastian
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Article History
Received: 3 September 2025
Accepted: 4 February 2026
First Online: 19 February 2026
Declarations
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: Ethical approval for this study was granted by the ethics committee of the Medical Faculty of the University Duisburg-Essen and the requirement to obtain informed consent was waived (23-11461-BO).
: The authors declare no competing interests.
: The requirement to obtain written informed consent was waived by the Ethics Committee of the Medical Faculty of the University of Duisburg-Essen. All patients (or their legal guardians) had provided general consent to the use of anonymized clinical data for research purposes upon hospital admission.
: The authors have no relevant financial or non-financial interests to disclose.
