Chien, You-Chiuan
Chen, Pao-Hwa
Chang, Yaw-Jen
Article History
Received: 22 May 2024
Accepted: 8 June 2024
First Online: 19 June 2024
Declarations
:
: Data for the study was sourced from the Online HCUP Central Distributor website (), adhering to the NIS data-use agreement via HCUP, certified under number HCUP-71JWX29J8. The research, centered on secondary analysis of the NIS database, did not engage patients or the public directly. The protocol was reviewed and exempted by our hospital’s Institutional Review Board, and the need for informed consent was waived due to the NIS database containing only anonymized data.
: The authors have no conflicts of interest to declare.