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Authors
Sanmoto, Yohei https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5006-2507
Gao, Qihao
Hitaka, Daisuke
Zhu, Xin
Masumoto, Kouji
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Article History
Received: 8 May 2026
Revised: 9 August 2026
Accepted: 30 August 2026
First Online: 12 September 2026
Declarations
Ethics approval and consent to participate: This study was approved by the Institutional Review Board of the University of Tsukuba Hospital (approval no. R06-038). The review board waived the requirement for informed consent under an opt-out policy. This study was conducted in accordance with the Declaration of Helsinki (2024).
Conflicts of interest: None
