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Authors
Caviedes–Triana, Katerine
Vivero–Gómez, Rafael
Duque–Granda, Daniela
Junca, Howard
Cadavid–Restrepo, Gloria
Moreno–Herrera, Claudia X.
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Funding
Funding for this research was provided by:
Ministerio de Ciencia, Tecnología e Innovación (Scholarship Program of Ministerio de Ciencia, Tecnología e Innovación, Call 15, for Human Capital Development in the context of the Bicentennial and the 2021–2022 Biennial Plan.)
Universidad Nacional de Colombia (Hermes 57545)
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Article History
Received: 3 September 2025
Accepted: 15 November 2025
First Online: 3 January 2026
Declarations
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: The photographs contained in the graphic summary were taken directly by the lead author Katerine Caviedes-Triana. The graphic summary was designed in the image editing program PhotoScape V3.7 . All silhouettes used in this manuscript were designed freehand by the main author of this document, using the free program MediBang Paint .No predesigned images or icons from the free software programs used were used. These programs were used exclusively to edit the scientific names of the images, organize and design the composition from images, silhouettes and icons of their own creation.The map was designed in Qgis software, and the georeferenced information used in this study was downloaded from the portal of the National Administrative Department of Statistics - DANE and the Open Data Portal of SIAT-AC - SINCHI Institute, which are licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (CC BY 4.0).Link of conditions of use of the layers: Layers downloaded from the DANE: Geoportal DANE - Acerca del Geoportal Licencia y condiciones de uso, Layer downloaded from the SIAT-AC - Instituto SINCHI: .Direct link to the list of layers where the base layer is located “Versión MGN2024-Nivel Departamento” .Direct link to the list of layers where you can find the layer of municipalities “Versión MGN2024-Nivel Municipio” .Direct link to the list of layers where the urban sector layer is located. “Versión MGN2024-Nivel Sector urbano” .Direct link to download the layer of the Colombian Amazon boundary layer “Límite de la Amazonia colombiana, Escala: 1:100.000” .Cytoscape, an open-source software for visualizing molecular interaction networks and biological pathways and integrating these networks with annotations, was used for the graphical representation in Fig. 6. .The open-source software SankeyMATIC was used for the graphical representation of Fig. 8. .
: The authors declare no competing interests.
