Liu, Shoude
Wen, Rong
Li, Qifeng
Sun, Ming
Peng, Donghai
Article History
Received: 21 October 2025
Revised: 19 February 2026
Accepted: 21 February 2026
First Online: 15 April 2026
Declarations
:
: The study received approval from the Huazhong Agricultural University Institutional Review Board. Given that the research solely focused on bacterial strains and their phages without involving human materials or patient information, the Review Board of the Huazhong Agricultural University granted an exemption from formal review and waived the requirement for informed consent. All procedures were conducted in line with applicable guidelines and regulations.
: Not applicable.
: The authors declare no competing interests.