Document is current
Any future updates will be listed below
-
Authors
Ferreira Branco, David
Kwoh, C. Kent
Patzer, Theresa
Loggia, Marco L.
Guermazi, Ali
Jarraya, Mohamed https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8095-0174
-
Funding
Funding for this research was provided by:
National Institute of Arthritis and Musculoskeletal and Skin Diseases (K23 AR084603)
National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke (R01NS094306)
U.S. Department of Defense (W81XWH2211003)
- License Information
-
More Information
Article History
Received: 9 December 2025
Revised: 10 March 2026
Accepted: 16 March 2026
First Online: 1 April 2026
Declarations
:
: Not applicable. This article is a narrative literature review and does not involve human participants or the use of any individual patient data; therefore, ethics approval and informed consent were not required.
: David Ferreira Branco: None to disclose. C. Kent Kwoh received grants from Cumberland, Bristol Myers Squibb, Lupus Research Alliance, serves on the data and safety monitoring board of Kolon Tissue Gene, and has advisory board/consulting activities with Apos Health, Enlivex, Express Scripts, Levicept, Mobieus Sun, Pleryon, TLC. Theresa Patzer: None to disclose. Marco L. Loggia: None to disclose. Ali Guermazi serves as Consultant to Novartis, Formation Bio, TissueGene, Pacira, Coval, ICM, Medipost, Scarcell, 4Moving, Peptinov, Paradigm, and Levicept. He is also a Shareholder of BICL, LLC. Mohamed Jarraya: None to disclose.
