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Authors
Liang, Jiucen
Weng, Shaojuan
Zhang, Jing
Jiang, Shuqin
Li, Wen
Li, Shuyi
Rong, Jian
Liu, Hao
Chen, Haipeng
Liu, Zhidong
Peng, Hao
Yan, Sha
Zhang, Rusen
Liang, Steven H.
Zhang, Linqi https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0607-6300
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Funding
Funding for this research was provided by:
National Natural Science Foundation of China (No.82101994)
Guangzhou Institute of Cancer Research, the Affiliated Cancer Hospital, Guangzhou Medical University Clinical Research 5555 Program (No. IIT-2022-015(HYX))
Guangdong Basic and Applied Basic Research Foundation (2024A1515011956)
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Article History
Received: 20 January 2025
Accepted: 4 April 2025
First Online: 15 April 2025
Declarations
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: This prospective clinical study was performed in line with the principles of the Declaration of Helsinki and was registered on clinicaltrials.gov (NCT 05485792). Approval was granted by the Ethics Committee of Guangzhou Institute of Cancer Research, the Affiliated Cancer Hospital, Guangzhou Medical University (ethics committee approval No. 2021-sw07). Invasive diagnostic procedures, such as biopsy or surgical sampling, were primarily performed for lesions that were indeterminate on imaging. These procedures were determined following a multidisciplinary tumor board (MDT) consensus, which involved hepatobiliary surgeons, radiologists, and nuclear medicine specialists, and were conducted after explicit patient re-consent. The MDT protocol prioritized lesion accessibility, clinical urgency, and patient safety, in accordance with the ethical guidelines set forth by the Declaration of Helsinki.
: Informed consent was obtained from all individual participants (signed by participant, parent, or legal representative) included in the study.
: The authors have no relevant financial or non-financial interests to disclose.
