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Authors
Du, Yu https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5919-758X
Wang, Bingjie
Lin, Ching-Ni
Shang, Jingjie
Li, Chien-Ying
Xu, Hao
Hu, Lien-Hsin https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0036-5512
Hung, Guang-Uei
Mok, Greta S.P. https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2962-2087
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Funding
Funding for this research was provided by:
Fundo para o Desenvolvimento das Ciências e da Tecnologia (0016/2023/RIB1)
Fundo para o Desenvolvimento das Ciências e da Tecnologia (0178/2024/AMJ)
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Article History
Received: 6 May 2025
Accepted: 24 October 2025
First Online: 17 November 2025
Declarations
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: The clinical data used in this study are retrospective and under local ethics approval of each participating institution (IRB number: 1110605, Chang Bing Show Chwan Memorial Hospital; 2021-07-003AC, Taipei Veterans General Hospital; KY-2024-184, The First Affiliated Hospital of Jinan University). The study was approved by the institutional review board at each site. All results are provided in the manuscript and its supplementary information files.
: Not applicable.
: The authors consent to publish and print the data contained in this article.
: The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest related to this study.
