Dotinga, Maaike https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8384-7164
de Geus-Oei, Lioe-Fee https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1817-2743
van Velden, Floris H.P. https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2859-2119
Stam, Mette K. https://orcid.org/0009-0004-2843-1854
Heemskerk, Jan W.T. https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0145-1009
Dibbets-Schneider, Petra https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0538-8270
Pool, Martin https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4892-3109
Smit, Frits
Vriens, Dennis https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5762-6766
Kapiteijn, Ellen https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4814-6426
Article History
Received: 17 July 2025
Accepted: 28 October 2025
First Online: 16 December 2025
Declarations
:
: This study has been approved by the Medical Ethics Committee Leiden-Den Haag-Delft (ref. no. P20.096). The study was conducted according to the principles of the Declaration of Helsinki (10th version, Fortaleza 2013) and in concordance with the Dutch Medical Research Involving Human Subjects Act and other applicable guidelines, regulations, and acts.
: Written informed consent was obtained from all individual participants included in the study.
: NIH ClinicalTrials.gov, NTC04858867, registered 26 April 2021.
: PD and FV have received speaker honoraria from GE HealthCare (fees received by institution). EK has consultancy/advisory relationships with Delcath, Immunocore and BMS, and received research grants not related to this paper from Bristol Myers Squibb, Delcath, Novartis and Pierre-Fabre (fees received by institution).