Zhang, Tianhao https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8765-0799
Nie, Binbin
Liu, Hua
Mao, Guangjuan
OuYang, Chujun
Jiang, Xiaochen
Shan, Baoci https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7417-5063
Funding for this research was provided by:
National Natural Science Foundation of China (12205329)
National Natural Science Foundation of China (12175268)
Ye Ming Han Fund (X21520603)
the Innovation Fund of the Institute of High Energy Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences (E4545AU210)
Article History
Received: 20 October 2025
Accepted: 26 January 2026
First Online: 11 March 2026
Declarations
:
: All data utilized in this study were obtained from publicly accessible databases ADNI and OASIS-3. The research protocols of ADNI and OASIS-3 were approved by the respective institutional review boards.
: The authors have no relevant financial or non-financial interests to disclose.