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Authors
Gaur, Sonia https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9497-5412
Stein, Erica B. https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7339-8107
Schneider, Daniel K. https://orcid.org/0009-0005-3545-7654
Masotti, Maria https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6591-3212
Davenport, Matthew S. https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7943-7851
George, Arvin K.
Ellis, James H. https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8755-6583
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Article History
Received: 7 July 2023
Revised: 29 December 2023
Accepted: 3 January 2024
First Online: 20 February 2024
Declarations
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: Sonia Gaur reports royalties from the National Institutes of Health for licensed intellectual property. Matthew S. Davenport reports royalties from Wolters Kluwer and uptodate.com. Arvin K. George reports relationships with BK Medical, Francis Medical, Hifu Prostate Services, Lina Medical, Nanospectra Biosciences, Philips Medical, and Sonablate Corporation. The other authors report that they have no relevant financial or non-financial interests to disclose.
: This retrospective study involving human participants was in accordance with the ethical standards of the institutional and national research committee and with the 1964 Helsinki Declaration and its later amendments or comparable ethical standards. The Medical School Institutional Review Board (IRBMED) of the University of Michigan approved this study (12 July 2022; HUM00219693), with waiver of informed consent. The study was performed in a HIPAA-compliant manner.
