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Authors
Li, Yue
Lin, Mingzhi
Sun, Linlin
Dong, Changming
Yang, Jinshan
Li, Xinxin
Lin, Yuxin
Wu, Jinting
Zhao, Junjie
Lin, Chunhua
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Funding
Funding for this research was provided by:
Natural Science Foundation of Shandong Province, China (ZR2022MH261)
the Yantai Science and Technology Innovation Development Plan, China (2022JCYJ040)
Taishan Scholar Program of Shandong Province (Tsqn202103198)
Shandong Provincial Natural Science Foundation (ZR2024MH305)
The development of scientific and technological innovation in Yantai City (2024JCYJ061)
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Article History
Received: 8 March 2026
Accepted: 9 April 2026
First Online: 25 April 2026
Declarations
:
: The authors declare no competing interests.
: This study was approved by the Ethics Committee of the Affiliated Yantai Yuhuangding Hospital of Qingdao University (Approval No. Yantai-Yuhuangding-2025–783). The requirement for informed consent was waived owing to the retrospective nature of the study and the use of anonymized data.
: All procedures involving human participants were conducted in accordance with the ethical standards of the institutional and national research committee and with the 1964 Helsinki Declaration and its later amendments.
