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Efficacy and safety of sequential versus concurrent administration of immune checkpoint inhibitors with radiotherapy in solid tumors: a systematic review and network meta-analysis

Crossref DOI link: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00262-025-04277-9

Published Online: 2026-01-03

Update policy: https://doi.org/10.1007/springer_crossmark_policy

Authors

Baek, Jiwon

Lee, Sieun

Kim, Doran

Jin, Hye Kyung

Kim, EunYoung
Funding

Funding for this research was provided by:

Chung-Ang University
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Text and Data Mining valid from 2026-01-03

Version of Record valid from 2026-01-03
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Article History

Received: 14 October 2025

Accepted: 15 December 2025

First Online: 3 January 2026

Declarations

:

: The authors declare no competing interests.

: Not applicable.

: Not applicable.

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