Petouhoff, Annastasia https://orcid.org/0009-0001-5379-2860
Hicks, Ryan
Husain, Marium
Hoyd, Rebecca
Xu, Menglin
Dravillas, Caroline
Patel, Sandip H.
Johns, Andrew https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9821-8662
Grogan, Madison
Li, Mingjia
Lopez, Gabrielle
Miah, Abdul
Liu, Yunzhou https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9892-2438
Muniak, Mitchell
Schmidt, Maria
Das, Ayushi
Lathrop, Hannah
Das, Parthib
Secor, Austin
Haddad, Tyler
Tinoco, Gabriel
Carbone, David
Kendra, Kari
Otterson, Gregory A.
Presley, Carolyn J.
Mace, Thomas
Spakowicz, Daniel https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2314-6435
Owen, Dwight H. https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6598-4886
Funding for this research was provided by:
National Institutes of Health (P30CA016058)
National Center for Advancing Translational Sciences (UL1TR002733)
LUNGevity Foundation
American Lung Association (Innovator Award 1046611)
American Cancer Society (Research Scholar Award RSG-23-1023205)
Article History
Received: 2 December 2025
Accepted: 19 February 2026
First Online: 9 March 2026
Declarations
:
: All of the authors report no competing interests.
: The study was approved by the Institutional Review Board of the Ohio State University (IRB#2016C0070; IRB# 2020C0048; IRB# 2019C0151 ).
: Not applicable.