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Article History

Received: 11 December 2025

Accepted: 7 May 2026

First Online: 24 May 2026

Declarations

:

: KA received honoraria from Astellas, MSD, BMS, and Pfizer. The other authors have no conflicts of interest to declare. MG has no conflicts of interest to declare CD reports occasional engagements for Astellas, BMS, Janssen, MSD and Pfizer FMB has no conflicts of interest to declare HM declares receiving payment or honorarium from Astellas, AstraZeneca, Bayer, Bristol Myers Squibb, Ipsen, Janssen, Merck, MSD, Novartis and Pfizer; travel or other expenses from AstraZeneca, Novartis, Pfizer, Roche; and acting on a scientific steering committee for Curium MB: Financial Interests, Invited Speaker: Janssen, AstraZeneca, Ipsen, Astellas TH has no conflicts of interest to declare PEG has no conflicts of interest to declare DP serves as a consultant/receives honorarium/travel reimbursements from Astellas, Astra Zeneca, Bayer, BMS, MSD, Pfizer MRD has no conflicts of interest to declare CT: Amgen, AstraZenenca, AdaCap, Astellas, Bayer, BMS, Gilead, Ipsen, Johnson & Johnson, Merck, MSD, Novartis, Pfizer, Sanofi, Seagen MC has no conflicts of interest to declare AF declares receiving payment or honoraria for lectures, presentations, speakers bureaus, manuscript writing, or educational events from Astellas, AstraZeneca, AAA, Bayer, Janssen, Novartis, and Pfizer; and support for attending meetings and/or travel from Astellas, AstraZeneca, AAA, Bayer, Janssen, Novartis, and Pfizer OH serves as a consultant/receives honorarium/travel reimbursements from serves as a consultant/receives honorarium/travel reimbursements from ADACAP, Astra Zeneca, Bayer, BMS, Curium, Eisai, Ipsen, Johnson & Jphnson, Merck, MSD, Novartis, Pfizer, Sanofi BA has received research Grants from MSD Avenir; consulting fees or honoraria from Novartis, Astellas, Sanofi, AstraZeneca, BMS, and MSD; and travel accommodation form Janssen, MSD, Pfizer, IPSEN Pharma, Bayer, and Takeda. DB has received honoraria for advisory boards or lectures from Accord Healthcare, Astellas, Astra-Zeneca, Bayer, BMS, Ipsen, Janssen, Merck, Novartis, Pfizer. LD has no conflicts of interest to declare LAP has no conflicts of interest to declare EB has no conflicts of interest to declare PC serves as a consultant/receives honorarium/travel reimbursements from Amgen, Astellas, Astra Zeneca, Bayer, BMS, Eisai, Ipsen, Johnson & Jphnson, Merck, MSD, Pfizer LC serves as a consultant/receives honorarium/travel reimbursements from Amgen, Astellas, Astra Zeneca, Bayer, BMS, Eisai, Ipsen, Johnson & Jphnson, Merck, MSD, Pfizer P.B. received advisory/consulting fees from Astellas Pharma, AstraZeneca, Bayer, Bristol-Myers Squibb, Eisai, Ipsen, Merck, MSD, Pfizer, and Novartis/AdaCaP, research-funding support from Ipsen, AstraZeneca, and BMS.

: The study conformed to the principles of the Declaration of Helsinki and Good Clinical Practice Guidelines. A local independent Ethics Committee (2023-CF025) approved it.

: Informed consent was obtained from all individual participants included in the study.