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Article History

Received: 15 July 2024

Accepted: 20 August 2024

First Online: 7 September 2024

Declarations

:

: This study is a technical note and therefore no ethical approval is required.

: Informed consent was obtained from the patient.

: The authors affirm that human research participants provided informed consent for publication of the images in Figs. , , , , , and .

: Enrico Tessitore has the following conflicts of interest to declare training fees from Spineart, Depuy Synthes, Nuvasive. Dennis E. Dominguez is educational consultant for Nuvasive and Medtronic and receives fellowships grant. All other authors certify that they have no affiliations with or involvement in any organization or entity with any financial interest (such as honoraria; educational grants; participation in speakers’ bureaus; membership, employment, consultancies, stock ownership, or other equity interest; and expert testimony or patent-licensing arrangements), or non-financial interest (such as personal or professional relationships, affiliations, knowledge or beliefs) in the subject matter or materials discussed in this manuscript.