Jiang, Dajun
Cao, Jiaqing
Zhao, Jinhui
Bian, Yuquan
He, Shizan
Jia, Weitao
Funding for this research was provided by:
Shanghai Science and Technology Innovation Action Plan (22Y11912500)
Shanghai Shenkang Development Center Research Physician Innovation and Transformation; Capability Training Program (SHDC2023CRD015)
Article History
Received: 22 December 2024
Accepted: 11 October 2025
First Online: 21 October 2025
Declarations
:
: This study was approved by the local institutional ethics review boards at Shanghai Sixth People’s Hospital Affiliated with Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine (No. 2022-KY-059[K]). The study was conducted in accordance with the principles outlined in the World Medical Association Declaration of Helsinki.
: Verbal or written informed consent was obtained from all participants.
: The authors declare no competing interests.