Souleiman, Firas https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1087-7503
Zderic, Ivan https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0484-887X
Pastor, Torsten https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4357-236X
Gehweiler, Dominic https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7148-9569
Gueorguiev, Boyko https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9795-115X
Galie, Jessica
Kent, Todd
Sands, Andrew https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6781-9868
Shank, John
Tomlinson, Matthew
Schepers, Tim https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1172-4939
Swords, Michael https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0839-8896
Funding for this research was provided by:
Universitätsklinikum Leipzig
Article History
Received: 13 June 2025
Accepted: 20 November 2025
First Online: 6 December 2025
Declarations
:
: All experiments were carried out under the relevant guidelines and regulations. Approval for this study was obtained from the internal review boards at Science Care (Phoenix, AZ, USA) and AO Research Institute Davos (Davos, Switzerland). This investigation was performed in accordance with the ethical standards as laid down in the Declaration of Helsinki (1964) and its later amendments or comparable ethical standards.
: All donors gave their informed consent inherent within the donation of the anatomical gift statement during their lifetime.
: All donors gave their informed consent inherent within the donation of the anatomical gift statement during their lifetime.
: All donors gave their informed consent inherent within the donation of the anatomical gift statement during their lifetime.
: The authors declare no competing interests.